Graphite crystallizers ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev lag luam ntawm hlau smelting thiab crystallization. Raws li tus thawj coj graphite crystallizer tsum, kuv tau nug ntau zaus txog yuav ua li cas cov cuab yeej zoo kawg no ua tiav crystallization. Nyob rau hauv no blog ncej, kuv yuav delve rau hauv lub scientific lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub crystallization txheej txheem nyob rau hauv ib tug graphite crystallizer, tshawb xyuas cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam.
Nkag siab txog Crystallization
Crystallization yog txheej txheem uas cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog, qhov twg cov atoms lossis molecules tau koom ua ke rau hauv cov qauv hu ua crystal. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm yaj, tshuaj, lossis theem vapor. Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm ib tug graphite crystallizer, crystallization feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug yaj, uas yog ib tug kua lub xeev ntawm ib yam khoom uas tau rhuab saum nws melting point.
Kev tsim cov siv lead ua muaj ob kauj ruam tseem ceeb: nucleation thiab crystal kev loj hlob. Nucleation yog thawj theem uas cov pawg me me ntawm atoms lossis molecules tuaj ua ke los tsim cov nucleus ruaj khov. Cov nucleus no ua haujlwm raws li tus qauv rau kev loj hlob ntxiv. Crystal kev loj hlob tshwm sim thaum ntxiv atoms lossis molecules txuas mus rau lub nucleus, maj mam nce qhov loj ntawm cov siv lead ua.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Graphite hauv Crystallization
Graphite yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau crystallizers vim nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Nws muaj cov thermal conductivity siab, uas tso cai rau kom muaj cua sov hloov pauv thaum lub sij hawm crystallization txheej txheem. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tswj qhov kub ntawm gradient nyob rau hauv lub yaj, uas nyob rau hauv lem cuam tshuam tus nqi ntawm nucleation thiab crystal kev loj hlob.
Graphite kuj muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov, ua rau nws tiv taus corrosion thiab tshuaj lom neeg nrog rau yaj. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov crystallizer tseem nyob ruaj khov thiab tsis muaj paug cov yaj thaum lub sij hawm crystallization txheej txheem. Tsis tas li ntawd, graphite muaj cov coefficient tsawg ntawm thermal expansion, uas txhais tau hais tias nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias hloov tsis tau tawg lossis deforming.
Cov txheej txheem Crystallization hauv Graphite Crystallizer
Cov txheej txheem crystallization hauv graphite crystallizer feem ntau suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
1. Kev npaj yaj
Thawj kauj ruam yog npaj cov yaj. Qhov no suav nrog cua sov cov khoom siv rau nws cov ntsiab lus melting nyob rau hauv lub qhov cub tsim nyog. Lub yaj yog ces feem ntau purified kom tshem tawm tej impurities uas yuav cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem crystallization.
2. Hloov mus rau Crystallizer
Thaum cov yaj tau npaj, nws raug xa mus rau graphite crystallizer. Lub crystallizer yog tsim los tuav lub yaj thiab muab ib puag ncig tswj rau crystallization. Nws yog feem ntau nruab nrog cua sov thiab cua txias tshuab los tswj qhov kub ntawm cov yaj.
3. Nucleation
Raws li cov yaj txias hauv cov crystallizer, qhov kub mus txog qhov chaw uas nucleation tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Qhov no feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm kev tsim kom muaj qhov kub thiab txias hauv cov yaj, uas txhawb kev tsim cov nuclei. Tus nqi ntawm nucleation yog cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam, nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm yaj, thiab muaj impurities.
4. Crystal loj hlob
Thaum cov nuclei raug tsim, crystal kev loj hlob pib. Ntxiv atoms los yog molecules nyob rau hauv lub yaj txuas mus rau lub nuclei, maj mam nce qhov loj ntawm cov muaju. Tus nqi ntawm crystal kev loj hlob kuj cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias gradient, nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov atoms lossis molecules hauv cov yaj.
5. Cua txias thiab Solidification
Raws li cov crystals loj hlob, cov yaj tseem txias kom txog thaum nws solidifies tag nrho. Tus nqi cua txias yog ua tib zoo tswj xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias cov muaju muaj sijhawm txaus los loj hlob thiab tsim ib lub qhov dej zoo -txhais qauv. Thaum cov yaj tau solidified, cov khoom crystallized tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm crystallizer.
Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau crystallization hauv graphite crystallizer
Ntau yam tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem crystallization hauv graphite crystallizer. Cov no suav nrog:
Kub
Kub yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas cuam tshuam rau crystallization. Qhov kub gradient nyob rau hauv lub yaj txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm nucleation thiab crystal kev loj hlob. Qhov kub siab gradient tuaj yeem txhawb cov nucleation sai, thaum qhov kub thiab txias gradient tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov loj dua, zoo dua - cov crystals txhais.
Kev sib xyaw ntawm Melt
Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov yaj kuj plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv crystallization. Cov khoom sib txawv muaj cov ntsiab lus melting sib txawv thiab kev coj ua crystallization. Lub xub ntiag ntawm impurities nyob rau hauv lub yaj kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov nucleation thiab crystal kev loj hlob txheej txheem.
Txias tus nqi
Qhov cua txias ntawm cov yaj yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb. Kev ua kom txias ceev tuaj yeem ua rau tsim cov pob zeb me me, tsis zoo txhais tau tias, thaum lub caij txias qeeb tuaj yeem tso cai rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov loj, zoo dua - cov pob zeb uas tau hais tseg.
Sib tov
stirring lub yaj kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem crystallization. Stirring tuaj yeem pab faib cov cua sov thiab cov impurities sib npaug hauv cov yaj, txhawb nqa ntau yam nucleation thiab kev loj hlob siv lead ua. Txawm li cas los xij, kev nplawm ntau dhau kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob ntawm cov siv lead ua thiab ua rau muaj cov khoom me me, tsis zoo - cov khoom siv lead ua.
Kev siv ntawm Graphite Crystallizers
Graphite crystallizers yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam lag luam, xws li hlau smelting, semiconductor manufacturing, thiab tshuaj ua. Hauv kev lag luam hlau smelting, graphite crystallizers yog siv los tsim cov khoom zoo - zoo hlau ingots thiab castings. Lawv kuj tau siv rau hauv kev tsim cov Foundry Graphite Crucible, uas yog siv rau melting thiab tuav hlau thaum lub sij hawm casting txheej txheem.
Hauv kev lag luam semiconductor, graphite crystallizers yog siv los tsim ib qho crystals ntawm silicon thiab lwm yam khoom siv semiconductor. Cov crystals ib leeg no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab -kev ua tau zoo. Graphite crystallizers kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov Graphite Moulds rau Nruam Casting, uas yog siv los tsim cov hlau txuas txuas ntxiv thiab cov xov hlau.
Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj ua lag luam, graphite crystallizers yog siv los tsim cov khoom siab tshaj -purity chemicals thiab pharmaceuticals. Lawv kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov Graphite Degassing Rotor, uas yog siv los tshem tawm impurities thiab gases los ntawm cov hlau molten.
Xaus
Hauv kev xaus, graphite crystallizer ua tiav crystallization los ntawm kev ua tib zoo tswj cov txheej txheem uas suav nrog kev npaj yaj, nucleation, siv lead ua loj hlob, thiab txias. Cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm graphite, xws li nws cov thermal conductivity, tshuaj stability, thiab qis coefficient ntawm thermal expansion, ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau crystallizers.
Cov txheej txheem crystallization hauv graphite crystallizer cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog qhov kub thiab txias, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov yaj, qhov cua txias, thiab nplawm. Los ntawm kev ua tib zoo tswj cov xwm txheej no, nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau siab - zoo crystals nrog zoo - cov qauv thiab cov khoom.
Raws li tus neeg muag khoom graphite crystallizer, peb tau cog lus los muab peb cov neeg siv khoom nrog siab - cov khoom zoo thiab kev txhawb nqa. Yog tias koj xav paub ntxiv txog peb cov graphite crystallizers lossis muaj lus nug txog cov txheej txheem crystallization, thov tsis txhob yig tiv tauj peb. Peb tos ntsoov los tham txog koj cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb thiab pab koj nrhiav kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau koj daim ntawv thov.
Cov ntaub ntawv
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Porter, DA, & Easterling, KE (1992). Theem Transformations hauv Hlau thiab Alloys. Chapman & Hall.
Shewmon, PG (1989). Diffusion hauv cov khoom. Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.