Hav nyob ntawd! Raws li tus neeg muag khoom ntawm Graphite Heating Phaj, Kuv feem ntau tau nug cov lus nug no: "Puas graphite cua sov daim hlau puas siv tau rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv?" Zoo, cia peb dhia mus rau hauv nws thiab nrhiav kom paub.
Ua ntej tshaj, cia peb tham me ntsis txog dab tsi graphite cua sov phaj yog. Graphite yog ib qho allotrope ntawm carbon, thiab nws muaj qee qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Nws yog heev conductive, ob qho tib si thermally thiab hluav taws xob. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws tuaj yeem ua kom sov sai sai thiab faib cov cua sov sib npaug thoob plaws nws qhov chaw. Cov Graphite Heating Phaj no yog tsim los ntawm siab - cov ntaub ntawv zoo graphite, uas yog tsim los tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig.
Tam sim no, thaum nws los txog rau tshuaj tiv thaiv, muaj ob peb yam tseem ceeb los xav txog. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias. Muaj ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog rhiab heev rau qhov kub thiab txias. Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias dhau los lossis qis dhau, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsis ua raws li qhov xav tau, lossis nws tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom tsis xav tau los ntawm - cov khoom.
Graphite cua sov daim hlau yog qhov zoo ntawm kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias. Lawv tuaj yeem ua kom sov txog qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv, thiab lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txawm tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw ua kom sov zoo ib yam. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas yuav tsum tau muaj qhov kub thiab txias kom tshwm sim tau zoo. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib co organic synthesis tshwm sim, ib tug tas mus li thiab zoo - tswj kub yog tsim nyog los tsim cov khoom xav tau.
Lwm qhov tseem ceeb yog cov tshuaj sib raug zoo ntawm cov phaj cua sov nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw. Graphite yog cov khoom siv tsis zoo. Nws tsis hnov mob yooj yim nrog ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg, uas ua rau nws haum rau ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias muaj qee yam tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj graphite hauv qee yam mob. Piv txwv li, muaj zog oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev ntawm qhov kub siab heev yuav hnov mob nrog graphite. Yog li, ua ntej siv lub graphite cua sov phaj rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas cov tshuaj sib haum.
Cia peb saib qee yam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas graphite cua sov daim hlau tuaj yeem siv tau.
1. Organic Chemistry Reactions
Hauv cov organic chemistry, muaj ntau yam kev tshwm sim uas xav tau cua sov. Piv txwv li, esterification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, qhov twg ib qho cawv thiab carboxylic acid hnov mob los ua ib qho ester, feem ntau xav tau cua sov mus ntxiv. Graphite cua sov phaj tuaj yeem muab cov cua sov tsim nyog los tsav cov kev cuam tshuam rau pem hauv ntej. Kev faib hluav taws xob txawm tias pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov hauv zos, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam sab nraud xws li lub cev qhuav dej lossis decomposition ntawm cov reactants.
2. Inorganic Chemistry Reactions
Hauv inorganic chemistry, qee qhov kev cuam tshuam cuam tshuam nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov hlau ua haujlwm lossis cov decomposition ntawm inorganic ntsev. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no feem ntau xav tau siab - qhov kub thiab txias. Graphite cua sov daim hlau tuaj yeem ncav cuag thiab tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias uas xav tau rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no. Piv txwv li, qhov decomposition ntawm cov hlau carbonates los ua hlau oxides thiab carbon dioxide feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab graphite cua sov phaj tuaj yeem siv los muab cov cua sov.
3. Polymerization Reactions
Polymerization yog txheej txheem uas cov molecules me (monomers) hnov mob los tsim cov molecules loj (polymers). Ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization yog exothermic, tab sis lawv tseem xav tau qhov pib cua sov los pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Graphite cua sov daim hlau tuaj yeem siv los pib cov kev cuam tshuam no thiab tseem tuaj yeem tswj qhov kub thiab txias thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem polymerization kom ntseeg tau tias cov saw hlau loj hlob zoo ntawm cov polymer.
Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li lwm yam khoom siv, graphite cua sov phaj kuj muaj lawv cov kev txwv.
1. Tus nqi
Graphite cua sov daim hlau tuaj yeem kim dua piv rau lwm yam khoom siv cua sov. Qhov no yog vim tias kev tsim cov khoom zoo siab - graphite zoo cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem nyuaj. Tab sis xav txog lawv qhov ntev - kev ua tau zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig uas lawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tswj kub thiab tshuaj lom neeg, tus nqi tuaj yeem tsim nyog rau ntau daim ntawv thov.
2. Fragility
Graphite yog cov khoom siv nkig. Txawm hais tias cov txheej txheem tsim khoom niaj hnub tau txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo ntawm graphite cua sov daim hlau, lawv tseem yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas. Kev tuav ntxhib tuaj yeem ua rau tawg lossis tawg, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau lawv txoj haujlwm thiab kev ua neej.
3. Txwv siv qee yam tshuaj
Raws li tau hais ua ntej, muaj qee cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj graphite. Rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj cov tshuaj no, lwm txoj kev siv cua sov yuav xav tau.
Tam sim no, yog tias koj tab tom xav txog kev siv graphite cua sov daim hlau rau koj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau xav txog cov khoom siv. Graphite Insulation Pad tuaj yeem yog qhov sib ntxiv. Nws pab txo cov cua sov los ntawm cov phaj cua sov, uas ua rau cov txheej txheem cua sov ntau zog - npaum. Nws kuj tseem muab qee qhov kev tiv thaiv rau saum npoo uas lub phaj cua sov muab tso rau.
Yog tias koj txaus siab rau peb Graphite Heating Phaj, peb tuaj yeem muab koj siab - cov khoom zoo nrog cov qauv sib txawv kom tau raws li koj cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb. Txawm hais tias koj yog ib lub chaw tshawb fawb ua haujlwm me me - cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lossis cov nroj tsuag muaj kev tsim tawm loj - nplai, peb tau txais koj them.
Yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog kev siv graphite cua sov daim hlau rau koj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, lossis yog tias koj xav yuav peb cov khoom, thov koj xav tiv tauj. Peb zoo siab tshaj plaws los tham nrog koj txog koj cov kev xav tau, muab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog cov khoom lag luam, thiab sib tham txog cov kev daws teeb meem rau koj cov kev xav tau cua sov. Tsis txhob yig los pib sib tham nrog peb txog kev yuav khoom thiab saib seb peb cov graphite cua sov phaj tuaj yeem pab tau koj cov txheej txheem tshuaj.
Cov ntaub ntawv
Atkins, PW, & de Paula, J. (2020). Physical Chemistry rau Life Sciences. Oxford University Press.
Carey, FA, & Sundberg, RJ (2017). Advanced Organic Chemistry: Part A: Structure and Mechanisms. Springer.